Make one up Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Make one up - Essay Example Religion has turned out to be one of the most influential parties in the issue of abortion. The laws of the land cannot also be ignored as they try to harmonize social issues and accommodate or reject abortion. On the same note, the pagans’ say on the matter has as well counted. All these aspects combined make abortion a complex issue across all known divides. The most important aspect in this case, however, is what the Goddess says about abortion. The Goddess holds abortion as one of the many forms of sacrifice. In this case, sacrifice practices are seen as a way of choosing between life and death. Most importantly, sacrifices are important to the Goddess. The more sacrifices humans make to the Goddess, the happier and satisfied she becomes. Those who sacrifice are also viewed as persons who can make essential decisions in life. The Goddess accepts sacrifices of many forms, and those made through abortion are just part of the sacrifice system. Abortion is all about love. Women who engage in abortion make sacrifices to the Goddess. This is a sign of love to the Goddess. On the other hand, women abort for varied reasons, all of which seem to conform to the Goddess’s system of taking sacrifices. In doing so, these women show their love in the death of the fetus. They have predetermined reasons to do so, a phenomenon that is held to be better for the unborn. As a result, abortion in this case becomes a way of expressing love to the unborn by women who abort. While religion would not hold any of the above to be the truth, the religion of the Goddess holds that some religions do not do women any good. This is evidenced by â€Å"the militant wing that identified patriarchal religion as the root of the problem of women subordination† (Stewart 280). The Goddess upholds the freedoms and rights of women, thereby countering the problem of subordination of women that is said to exist in patriarchal religion. Expression of love to

Do revolutions 'happen' or are they 'made' Discuss with reference to Essay

Do revolutions 'happen' or are they 'made' Discuss with reference to at least two theories of revolution, and using exa - Essay Example A revolution is known to be a change, a metamorphosis for the outbreak of the whole political, social and economic system of a certain area. The whole setup is not just crashed because of some unknown reason of just by a group of people who are seeking their vested interest; rather, there is some lack and seepage in the system which in turn gives rise to the revolution. The primary advocates of this theory include Aristotle. He says that causes of every revolution lie in mass spread inequalities, rejection of the working class by elite class of the society and oppressive behavior of the rich. The rejectionist behavior that is faced by majority of the masses makes them set their foot out for a change that will bring them eventually some honor, pride, power and money. Abuse of standards of legal frameworks and misuse of power by the privileged class are also the main causes of revolution. ... will try to oscillate the running system because the majority is happy with the system and any attempt from outside to throw away the current regime will not be entertained by the environment or the people. According to this theory, the revolutions are triggered by the events caused by the running class, and then these events can be manipulated by other parties who have their own interests in the coming revolution, but this does not mean that revolutions are made up by some powers initially. The idea is that each revolution is started internally on some causes that are very much anticipated in the books of revolution. Aristotle said that under corrupt regimes, people are tired to rule over by fear and brutal behaviors. As a result of this, the ambitious people get their emotions beefed up and they set out some movements to change the tyrant and oppressive ruling class. This is the stage when other powers can show interest, but the starting of the revolutions has already taken place. Karl Marx was in support of the same theory as he said potential working class and lower middle class are often offended by the upper class or the rich class because they regard themselves as some kind of more privileged people than others. They think the production in society is earned by them, and this gives them every right to harm or humiliate the lower classes. They can also hurt their feelings because they are gentiles in their view. As a result, the consequences take the form of revolution and the working class uses their numerical edge and power of numbers against the ruling class because the suffered class has always been in majority and exploitative classes are always in minority. When there is an open battle between minority and majority, the end result goes in favor of majority

Metabolic pathways for Diclofenac

Metabolic pathways for Diclofenac Diclofenac (2-(2,6-dichlo ranilino)phenyl acetic acid) Diclofenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) widely used to reduce inflammation and pain in conditions which include, but not limited to ankylosing spondylitis, arthritis, osteoarthritis and acute pain. Diclofenac, a phenyl acetic derivative, is a lipophilic and weakly acidic compound made up of two twisted aromatic rings. Molecular structure: Diclofenac exerts its pharmacological activity by non-selectively inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX), an enzyme responsible for the conversion of the polyunsaturated fatty acid, arachidonic acid, into prostaglandins, thromboxanes and prostacyclins (Schweitzer et al., 2009). Prostaglandins are involved in maintenance of organ systems such as protection of the stomach wall or for the kidney function. They are also mediators of pain and inflammation. The most commonly observed side effects of Diclofenac are gastrointestinal disturbances and these may include abdominal pain, constipation, flatulence, diarrhoea, dyspepsia, gross bleeding/perforation, heartburn, nausea, GI ulcers (gastric/duodenal) and vomiting. Other side effects that may occur include impaired renal function, anemia, dizziness, oedema, headaches, increased bleeding time and allergic reactions (pruritus, rashes and tinnitus). Metabolism of Diclofenac The metabolism of Diclofenac mainly takes place in the liver and involves two major pathways, oxidative metabolism and conjugation to glucuronic acid. Metabolic pathways for Diclofenac (Vickers, 2008) The oxidative metabolism (ring hydroxylation) of Diclofenac is catalysed by two enzymes of the cytochrome P450 family namely CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 (Boelsterli et al., 2007). This results in the formation of 4-hydroxydiclofenac and 5-hydroxydiclofenac as the major metabolites. A number of other mono- or dihydroxylated or methoxylated metabolites may also result. The 4-OH and the 5-OH metabolites of diclofenac can be further oxidized to a highly recative p-benzoquinone imine with great potential for redox cycling and hence oxidative stress. These metabolites are excreted from the body through the renal route. Diclofenac is also conjugated to activated glucuronic acid (Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid-UDPGA) in a reaction catalysed by UGT2B7 in humans and UGT2B1 in rats. This results in the formation of an acyl glucuronide which is a potentially reactive metabolite. The electrophilic carboxy carbon on the acyl glucuronide reacts with the sulfhydril group on proteins, forming covalent adducts. The acyl glucuronide can be further metabolized to 4_-OH-diclofenac acyl-glucuronide by CYP2C8, and subsequently to a benzoquinone imine which can pose oxidative stress to cells by redox cycling. The conjugation of Diclofenac to acyl glucuronide (Boelsterli et al., 2007) The acyl glucuronides are largely excreted from the body through the billiary system. The Diclofenac acyl glucuronide anions are transported from the hepatocytes into the biliary canaliculus by the canalicular anion transporter, multidrug resistace-associated protein (Mrp2). The enterohepatic circulation of Diclofenac metabolites (Boelsterli et al., 2007) During the transportation process, some of the most reactive metabolites will react to form covalent bonds with canalicular proteins and others in distal locations in the biliary tree. In the small intestines, a bacterial enzyme ß-glucuronidase, cleaves the acyl glucuronides to an aglycone which is readily reabsorbed. This phenomenon is referred to as enterohepatic cycling. ß-glucuronidase resistant iso-glucuronides are excreted. The overall exposure to Diclofenac and its metabolites is therefore increased. Diclofenac-induced toxicities The use of Diclofenac is often associated with certain toxicities, although some of them are not very common and therefore are not quite predictable. The major ones include gastrointestinal disturbances, hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Gastrointestinal disturbances (dyspepsia and ulceration) Diclofenac related gastrointestinal disturbances are thought to be related to its mechanism of action (Takeuchi et al., 2003). There are two important isoforms of the enzyme cyclooxygenase, COX-1 and COX-2. The inducible COX-2 is stimulated by tissue or cell injury to break down arachidonic acid to form prostaglandins involved in the regulation of pain and inflammation. The constitutive COX-1 is involved in the formation of prostaglandins and thromboxanes that take part in the normal tissue homeostasis and this include protection of the gastric mucosal lining from gastric acid. Upon inhibition of COX-1 by Diclofenac, the mucosal lining is left unprotected and disturbances may ensue. This may be related to the dose. Drugs with more selectivity towards the COX-2 isoform are safer in this regard. Hepatotoxicity The liver is highly susceptible to xenobiotic-induced toxic injuries because it is functionally interposed between the site of absorption and the systemic circulation, hence all drugs pass through the liver before reaching the systemic circulation. More so it is a major site of metabolism and elimination of foreign substances. Diclofenac is a generally safe drug within its therapeutic ranges, however its use can, in rare cases, result in severe hepatic injury (Boelsterli et al., 2003) Significant hepatotoxicity was also noted with the other pioneer NSAIDs and they were subsequently withdrawn from the market (Kaplowitz), for example benoxaprofen, piniprofen and fenclofenac to name but a few. Hepatoxicity is mainly characterised by jaundice, fatigue, anorexia nausea and vomiting. Liver toxicity is typical example of idiosyncratic drug toxicity because of liver injury is not a reproducible effect and lacks a simple dose-response relationship (Boelsterli et al. 2003). Mechanism of Diclofenac induced liver injury As with many xenoniotics, there is a casual link between the metabolism and binding of Diclofenac with its adverse effects and toxicities. The lipophilic nature of Diclofenac and its ability to form reactive metabolites (Diclofenac acyl glucuronides and the hydroxyl metabolites) are the features postulated to be associated with hepatotoxicity. Diclofenac is thought to induce liver damage through various mechanisms which may include acylation of hepatobiliary proteins, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and immune response. Acylation of hepatobiliary proteins (Boelsterli et al., 2007) Diclofenac acyl glucuronides have electrophilic centers that can covalently bind with some proteins in the biliary tree. Most of the target proteins have sulfhydril groups. The canalicular ectoenzyme, dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) is an example of an important target protein for the acyl glucuronides. DPP IV is a multifunctional transmembrane glycoprotein and exopeptidase. DPP IV is more susceptible as a target protein for the acyl glucuronides because: It contains many sulfhydryl goups, making it a good target for the acyl glucuronides. DPP IV is located very close to the Mrp2, the pump responsible for the vectorial transport of the conjugates. The acyl glucoronides are highly concentrated in the canaliculus by the Mrp2 protein The slightly alkaline pH in bile favours hydrolysis of the acyl glucuronides, hence their possible reactions with target proteins. A possible link between covalent binding and toxicity was delineated in rats, where inhibition of Diclofenac metabolism using the general CYP inhibitors greatly reduced hepatotoxicity (Vickers, 2008). The mechanism of DPP IV covalent binding with Diclofenac acyl glucuronide(Boelsterli et al., 2007) Mitochondrial Dysfunction (Boelsterli et al., 2003) Mitochondrial dysfunction has long been implicated as a primary indicator of hepatotoxicity (Vickers, 2008). Diclofenac can act as a protonophoretic compound thereby uncoupling the electron transport chain. This dissipates the proton gradient required for ATP production. Diclofenac and its metabolites may also produce oxidative stress which may affect mitochondrial membrane permeabilization (increased permeability of mitochondria outer membrane and opening of the mPT) (Woen Ping Siu et al, 2008). The formation of diclofenac cation radicals and quinone imine associated redox cycling produces a lot of oxidative stress to cells leading to Diclofenac toxicity. When rats and human liver cells were treated with Diclofenac, an increase in the expression of hemeoxygenase 1 (Hmox1) was noted in line with changes in the redox state and induction of oxidative stress (Vickers, 2008). These events lead to the release of pro-apoptotic proteins and bursting of the outer membrane. Immune response Some clinical features noted in some patients provided the evidence that the immune-allergic reactions are involved in Diclofenac-induced liver injury (Boesterli et al 2003). These include allergy symptoms, presence of IgM antibody, and hypersensitivity reaction in an inadvertent rechallenge to Diclofenac. All these are pointing towards immune response as a possible mechanism for Diclofenac-induced hepatotoxicity, however the real mechanism is still elusive. Nephrotoxicity Diclofenac is increasingly being associated with renal toxicity. Diclofenac-induced renal toxicity in humans has been cited in literature (Lin et al. 2008). In veterinary medicine, marked decreases in population of certain vulture species were attributed to ingestion of carcases contaminated with Diclofenac residues (Swan et al., 2006, Naidoo et al. 2007, Lin et al. 2008, Naidoo et al., 2009). In all the cases, the vultures died due to renal failure. Most studies attributed this to high plasma uric acid levels and the production of ROS (Swan et al., 2006, Naidoo et al., 2007, Naidoo et al., 2009a, 2009b,). Diclofenac is said to inhibit the the p-amino-hippuric acid (PAH) channel and subsequently the transport of uric acid (Naidoo et al. 2009a). The resulting accumulation of uric acid in blood causes deleterious effects such as gout and increased intracellular ROS upon prolonged Diclofenac use (uric acid is an intracellular antioxidant). References A Schweitzer, N Hasler-Nguyen and J Zijlstra, 2009. Preferential uptake of the non steroid anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac into inflamed tissues after a single oral dose in rats. J. BioMed Central Pharmacol. 9:5 Alison E.M. Vickers, 2008. Tissue slices for the evaluation of metabolism-based toxicity with the example of Diclofenac. Chemico-Biological Interactions 179 (2009) 9-16) Boelsterli et al., 2003. Diclofenac-induced liver injury: a paradigm of idiosyncratic drug toxicity. Toxicol and Appl Pharmacol. ;192(3):307-322 Boelsterli et al., 2007 Mechanistic Toxicology. The molecular basis of how chemicals disrupt chemical targets K. Takeuchi, A. Tanaka, R. Ohno, A.Yokota, 2003. Role of COX inhibition in pathogenesis of NSAID-induced small intestinal damage. J Physiol Pharmacol. 54 Suppl 4:165-182 Lin Eng Ng, Barry Halliwell, Kim Ping Wong, 2008. Nephrotoxic cell death by diclofenac and meloxicam. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 369 (2008) 873-877 N Kaplowitz (Editor). Drug-Induced Liver Disease Naidoo V et al., 2007. Validating the domestic fowl as a model to investigate the pathophysiology of diclofenac in Gyps vultures. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 24 (2007) 260-266 Swan E.G et al., 2006. Toxicity of diclofenac to Gyps vultures. Biology. Letters. (2006) 2, 279-282 V. Naidoo , G.E. Swan 2009a. Diclofenac toxicity in Gyps vulture is associated with decreased uric acid excretion and not renal portal vasoconstriction. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C 149 (2009) 269-274 V. Naidoo, K. Wolter, R. Cuthbert, N. Duncan, 2009b. Veterinary diclofenac threatens Africas endangered vulture species. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 53 (2009) 205-208 Woen Ping Siu et al, 2008. Bax-mediated mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), distinct from the mitochondrial permeability transition, is a key mechanism in diclofenac-induced hepatocyte injury: Multiple protective roles of cyclosporin A. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 15;227(3):451-561

The Character of Shakespeares Hamlet Essay -- GCSE English Literature

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Hamlet is arguably the greatest dramatic character ever created. From the moment we meet the crestfallen Prince we are enraptured by his elegant intensity. Shrouded in his inky cloak, Hamlet is a man of radical contradictions -- he is reckless yet cautious, courteous yet uncivil, tender yet ferocious. He meets his father's death with consuming outrage and righteous indignation, yet shows no compunction when he himself is responsible for the deaths of the meddling Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, and the pontificating lord chamberlain, Polonius. He uses the fragile and innocent Ophelia as an outlet for his disgust towards the Queen, and cannot comprehend that his own vicious words have caused her insanity. Hamlet is full of faults. But unlike Macbeth, who has committed murder and, as a direct consequence, has been relegated to the heap of weak-willed villains, Hamlet has remained a demigod of sorts -- his faults having been quashed under his good qualities. What are Haml et's good qualities? How is it that even seemingly negative qualities like indecisiveness, hastiness, hate, brutality, and obsession can enhance Hamlet's position as a tragic hero -- a 'prince among men'? To answer these questions we must journey with Hamlet from beginning to end, and examine the many facets of his character.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Our first impression of Hamlet sets the tone for the whole play. Even without Shakespeare providing an elaborate description of Hamlet's features, we can envision his pale face, tousled hair, and intense, brooding eyes. Dressed totally in black, Hamlet displays all the 'forms, moods and shapes of grief'. His mother cannot help but notice Hamlet's outward appearance of mourning, but Hamlet makes it clear that the overt signs o... ...ally die, it is his princely qualities that make the lasting imprint in our minds. Hamlet remains The courtier's, soldier's, scholar's, eye, tongue, sword, The expectancy and rose of the fair state, The glass of fashion, and the mould of form The observ'd of all observers (III.i.153-56)          Bibliography Bradley, A.C. Shakespearean Tragedy. (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1966). Burnett, Mark, ed. New Essays on Hamlet. (New York: AMS Press, 1994). Evans Lloyd Gareth. Shakespeare IV. (London: Oxford university Press, 1967). Granville-Barker, Henry. Prefaces to Shakespeare.3 (New York, Hill and Wang, 1970). Loske, Olaf. Outrageous Fortune. (Oslo: Oslo University Press, 1960). Muir, Kenneth. Shakespeare and the Tragic Pattern, Proceedings of the British Academy, Vol.XLIV (London: Oxford University Press, 1958).

Aircraft technician Course Program

The documentary analysis will be limited to materials, reports, evaluation and other pertinent data available in the school library and offices. The profile both of the students and faculty are also taken into considerations. TACT- Aircraft Technician Course Aircraft- An aircraft shall mean any contrivance now known or hereafter invented, used or designed for navigation of flight in the air, including airframe, power plant and appliances. Analysis- Analyses the resolution of a compound into each parts.Bibliography- Description of books: a list of books relative to a special subjects. SHED- Commission of Higher Education. Dedication- An inscription or address. Document- Written or printed items for reference or evidence. Data- Plural of : given facts. Faculty- Refers to the teachers are engaged in the full time instruction with the commensurate educational qualification. Goal- Indicate thrust, a direction or target to be attained over given period. Generalization- The result of genera lizing an induction.History- History narration events, past events. Interpretation- act of interpreting, explanation, representation of character on the stage. Knowledge- State or result of knowing, learning, information. Literature- Totality of written and printed works, belles letters. Profile-An outline of anything seen from the side. Significance- Meaning or import. Statistics- The science of classification and arrangement of facts, based on the in the specialized details of a subject. Technical- Pertaining to a particular field of endeavourer as a word or apparatus.This study was conducted , also known as Philippine Air Transport and Training Services is an aeronautical school on Limbos Eve. , San Sister, Parquet City, Metro Manila, Philippines. Founded as Joint enterprise of Filipino and American pioneers in aviation, the Philippine Air Transport Training Services started operations in 1969. It's primary aim was to establish a manufacturing and assembly plant for trainer aircr afts, which at the time of its founding and its new pioneering objective as envisioned by it five founding directors.Its secondary aim was to put up an aeronautical school to meet the domestic and international demands in the fields in aviation and air transportation, At the time of it founding, unfavorable investment climate prevailed. The founders drooped the first aim and proceeded to the secondary aim which was organizing and operating an Aeronautical school to provide the best professional and technical training to the youth. Thus, PATS College of Aeronautics was conformable born. The incorporating directors with experiences in aviation and air transportation.

Line, Staff and Human Resources Management Authority

Line, Staff and Human Resources Management Authority What does it take to get the right organizational design for Human Resources? In today's constantly evolving environment, developing an organization that makes the right decisions, while directing others’ work and giving orders requires having line and staff authority in place. In this essay, we will explain what authority is and explain the difference from line authority and staff authority. Also we will explain what type of authority human resource managers have. So what is authority?Authority is â€Å"the power to determine, adjudicate, or otherwise settle issues or disputes; jurisdiction; the right to control, command, or determine† (Dictionary. com, n. d. ). Power is the ability to get things done either to enforce one’s own will or to enforce the collective will of an organization. This tells us that all managers have some form of authority. Now, let us distinguish between line authority and staff authori ty. Line authority gives management individuals the formal power to direct and control immediate subordinates. Staff authority gives managers the right to advise, recommend, and counsel other managers and employees.It is a communication relationship with management. It has an influence that derives indirectly from line authority at a higher level. According to Dessler (2008), line authority creates a superior-subordinate relationship and staff authority creates an advisory relationship. The authority of human resources is delegated by the top management of organizations. How much authority it derives from top management is a policy matter. With today's workforce becoming increasingly diverse and organizations doing more to maximize the benefits of the differences in employees, human resource managers are key players.Organizations are relying on managers to get the people who get the job done, and of course, make the company money. Human resource managers have three fundamental funct ions: 1) line function – directing activities within the department and related areas while having implied authority, 2) coordinative function – coordinating personnel activities and 3) staff functions – assisting and advising line managers. In conclusion, line, staff and human resources personnel must work together closely to maintain the efficiency and effectiveness of the organization.To ensure that line, staff and human resources personnel do work together productively, management must make sure all groups understand the organizational mission, have specific objectives, and realize that they are partners in helping the organization reach its objectives.References Authority. (n. d. ). Dictionary. com Unabridged. Retrieved July 18, 2010, from Dictionary. com website: http://dictionary. reference. com/browse/authority Dressler, G. (2008). Florida International University. In G. Dressler, Human Resources Management – 11th ed. (p. 4). Upper Saddle River, N J 07458: Pearson Prentice Hall.

10 Fulfilling Teaching Jobs That Pay More Than $60k Per Year

10 Fulfilling Teaching Jobs That Pay More Than $60k Per Year You might not think a career in education is a particularly lucrative choice, but if teaching is your passion, it is definitely possible to make a very good living. Check out these 10 examples of financially rewarding jobs in education. Some might take a bit of time to get there, but if you have your eye on the prize and a career path in mind, you can take the steps necessary to reach the upper levels of the profession. 1. Law ProfessorSure, you’ll have to go to law school first, and have some experience in the field, but once you get all those things- plus some teaching experience, you’ll be set to make six figures by the middle of your career, with junior positions coming in at an average of about $68,000 per year. There’s stiff competition for this career path, of course, but it is possible to land a gig.2. Chief Executive of a UniversityIf you can work your way up to head honcho of a top-tier college or university, whether you’re the chancellor or pres ident or provost, you can make anywhere from $100,000 to $3 million (!)- especially if you’re good at bringing in the money for endowments and capital funds for campus ventures. The downside: this is not a very high growth field, and jobs are scarce. Once people get them, they tend to hold on tight!3. DeanIf you can’t get to executive level in the academic world, you could try working your way up to Dean level. You’ll want an advanced degree in the subject, plus some years as a tenured professor in your field, but then you can start earning some serious money- an average of about $83,000 per year.4. Engineering ProfessorIf you got a fancy education in engineering, you could always go the academic route. Get a little experience in your field, then go back to teaching and research. You could earn up to $100,000 per year in a top tier school. This field is growing rather nicely.5. School SuperintendentThe high administrator of the area public school system makes an ywhere from $130,000 to $196,000 per year. You’ll want a doctorate in education, plus a healthy base of teaching experience and some leadership experience to pursue this job.6. PrincipalWant to be more involved in the day-to-day and less in the macro-level budgeting and overseeing? School principals can make anywhere between $86,000 and $130,000 per year working closely with both teachers and students. A master’s in education is a plus here, as well as some teaching experience.7. Curriculum DeveloperStart out as a classroom teacher, then get your master’s and start working on instructional design. Help determine what students should be learning and how they should be evaluated most effectively. Train your fellow teachers to teach better, and make up to $75,000 per year.8. Registrar or Financial Aid CounselorStep back into the admin side for a while and work in the front office of secondary and post-secondary schools. Help guide students through the stressful adm inistrative stuff they have to take care of for their studies, and make up to $90,000 per year.9. Health/Allied Health ProfessorTeaching would-be health care professionals is serious and stringent work. You’ll need to build up to this with a degree of your own in a medical field, plus years of practical experience and teaching experience, but the job prospects and growth rates are great and you can make almost $100,000 per year.10. Economics ProfessorIf you’re an expert in economic theory and want to research and teach, take your experience as an analyst, policy maker, or researcher back into an academic institution and make about $90,000 per year. The better your credentials, the better your chances of landing a job in this competitive field.

The influence of modern technology on Society Essays

The influence of modern technology on Society Essays The influence of modern technology on Society Essay The influence of modern technology on Society Essay 1. Introduction While engineering is frequently described as the most of import influence upon society ( ref ) , it remains a topic which deserves further survey. This state of affairs is by and large accepted, with politicians, sociologists, industrialists and educationists likewise recognizing that engineering lies at the very bosom of society ( Chandler, 1996 ) . The critical function that engineering dramas in the development of society, exciting non merely the economic system but society’s socio-cultural values, instead than being simply a tool of society, nevertheless, is referred to as ‘technological determinism’ ( Underwood, 2009 ) . It is this facet of how engineering drives modern society that this essay addresses. Social advancement has come to be equated with proficient advancement, peculiarly since the Industrial Revolution ( Beniger, 1989 ) . This advancement has non ever been acknowledged at the clip it was happening ; so, as Beniger farther notes, ‘human society seems instead to germinate mostly through alterations so gradual as to be all but unperceivable, at least compared to the generational rhythms of the persons through whose lives they unfold’ ( 1989, p. 2 ) . Possibly because of this ‘historical myopia’ , the value of the alteration may non be evaluated until the alterations has already passed ( Beniger, 1989, p. 2 ) . Critics such as Henry David Thoreau, for case, suggested that betterments in society’s proficient agencies are no warrant of improved terminals, and that they may alternatively take to a mechanistic and fatalistic mentality, situating that we do non sit upon the railway ; it rides upon us ( 1845, p. 308 ) . Therefore, engineering its elf becomes an overruling preoccupation, for it neer stops still. Technological promotion seems of import at the clip to different ages in different societies, psychologically if non practically ; in a assortment of modern societies, for illustration, immature people soon feel a heightened empathy with the digital age ( Bennett and Maton, 2010 ) . However, non all sectors of the community will be straight involved with, portion an apprehension, or even see the relevancy, of the latest technological innovations. However, as de Tocqueville ( 1990, p. twenty-two ) noted in 1840, ‘this societal revolution, which I believe to be irresistible†¦ is already accomplished or about to be so’ , and therefore acknowledgment of it is acknowledgment of the past every bit much as the present. The current revolution in engineering, known diversely as the ‘Information Age’ or ‘Age of Technology’ , likewise is grim: the older individual who is loath to utilize a computing machine has a life shaped by others’ usage of computing machines and may even accept a basic Mobile telephone, one time considered a glamorous accoutrement ( Coeckelbergh, 2012 ) . As globalization becomes an progressively important factor in countries’ economic success, technological competency is going an indispensable tool for lasting and booming non merely in society, but in its component parts, such as employment, instruction, agribusiness, and industry. 2. Advantages and disadvantages of modern technological advancement The younger coevals today, like many old coevalss, seeks to alter the universe and do it a better and more comfy topographic point in which to populate ( Griswold, 2012 ) . They want to be subscribers to peace, economic reforms, the betterment of public services and many other facets of the society. For them, the best manner to lend to these alterations is through modern engineering. ( Weiser and Brown, 1997 ) . This does non needfully intend that young person wants to do a immense alteration on the position of the universe where they grew up, or that they merely want to divide off from the norms of society. Alternatively, they believe that the progresss in communicating, through technological agencies, will ease societal alteration as no old coevals has had the chance to larn so much, so genuinely, from one another ( Griswold, 2012 ) . The ability for real-time conversations, forums, information exchange, visual image of other civilizations, and greater societal equality across the universe has developed more in the last 20-25 old ages than at any other clip in history. This has allowed commentary on state of affairss as they develop, instead than strictly through the position of written media. For illustration, the function of societal media during the ‘Arab Spring’ , non merely through Twitter but Facebook and other societal media platforms, provided contextualisation for the media studies at a clip when media bias is progressively critically examined ( Khondker, 2011 ) . Therefore, this coevals is able to corroborate journalists’ reading of an event, even in movie, with those who are take parting on both sides of the event, every bit good as insouciant perceivers. This is alone in history. The grade to which unchained entree to sentiment, counter-opinion, coverage, and propaganda will truly reshape the universe is yet to be determined. The Habermasian reading of the development of the populace sphere holds some analogies, as the democratization of critical analysis unfolded in fin-de-siecle Viennese java houses ( Habermas, 1989 ) . Harmonizing to di Maggioet Al.( 2001 ) extensive societal effects , both optimistic and pessimistic, have been claimed for many communications engineerings before our current computer-based age of information engineering. The alleged I.T. revolution ( which tends to be presented as the ‘final’ communications revolution ) can be seen as holding been preceded by the ‘writing revolution’ and ‘the print revolution’ , and merely the latest stage of an ‘electronics revolution’ which began with telegraphy and telephone. Winston ( 1998 ) criticises technological determinism and alternatively develops his theory of cultural determinism. In this theory, Winston considers non how engineering shapes society, but instead that the development of engineering, which is non inactive, is mediated and manipulated by society. Therefore, as a consequence of these tactics, the ‘radical potential’ of a specific engineering is stifled ; socie ty therefore merely accepts that which it believes itself to be in a place to accept ( Winston, 1998 ) . Systems and machines like computing machines, nomadic phones and runing systems, which merely involve one chink on the computing machine, replace the things which used to takes hours or even yearss. Almost every place has a computing machine and telephone, and persons within those places frequently each have a nomadic phone ( Bennett and Maton, 2010 ) . For some people, the application of engineering is the lone technique for them to develop forbearance, as even the boring concern of waiting can be ameliorated by maintaining busy with a nomadic phone, particularly for young person. One of the most of import advantages of modern engineering is globalization, which has allowed the universe to experience ‘closer’ , and permitted the universe s economic system to go a individual, mutualist system ( Barrell and Fic, 2014 ) . This means that people can non merely portion information rapidly and expeditiously, but can besides convey down barriers of lingual and geographic boundaries. Zhong ( 2007 ) observes that, in today s stock markets, fiscal substructure, planetary intelligence administrations, powerful armed forcess, strong authoritiess and large corporations, instantaneous communicating is an plus society can non afford to lose. The cyberspace allows interconnectedness and promotes globalization and information sharing. The decrease in the cost of instantaneous communicating over the last 20 old ages have well expanded its possible, by doing it accessible to developing every bit good as developed economic systems. However, modern engineering does non convey advantages but some disadvantages every bit good. The similarity of life styles, whereby communicating channels homogeneousness, can hold hurtful effects ( Griswold, 2012 ) . Before the rise of movie, telecasting, and the cyberspace, people had different civilizations and traditions that were reflected in the manner they wear apparels or design edifices. Now, in a signifier of crawling conformance, people tend to construct the same theoretical accounts of house and wear the same manners. The new, modern engineering is first-class in many ways, but its philosophical, physiological, and psychological effects remain unknown in a period when technological interaction and unrecorded communicating through computing machine usage, cyberspace confab, nomadic phones, and SMS texts are portion of the mundane life of -teenagers and the young person of today. This non merely includes issues such as the argument on whether nomadic telephones increase the likeliness of encephalon tumors, but the behavioral responses of kids to ‘instant’ satisfaction, or whether nomadic phone dependence will go a important disablement ( di Maggioet al. ,2001 ) . These are issues which remain unsolved ; their declaration will non be immediate. 3. The vision of adolescents in this twenty-four hours and age With the growing of engineerings as the cyberspace and computing machines, adolescents and immature people are going more disjointed from society ( Griswold, 2012 ) . Isolation is one signifier of this job. The Nipponese phenomenon ofhikikomori,whereby immature people ( normally, males, and more progressively, grownups ) sequester themselves, utilizing merely engineering to maintain in touch with society, is believed to impact about two million people worldwide ( Longo, 2010 ) . Social interaction consequences in degrees of emphasis and hurt to the grade that persons can non get by, and seek safety alternatively in an environment which they feel is to the full within their control. Additionally, instruction is being transformed by engineering. Stimulating pupils is non a affair of doing a great address or a dominant lesson any longer ; pedagogues need to be brought down to a adolescent s degree of understanding ( Weiser and Brown, 1997 ) . The demand and wants of modern young person are really different from those of their parents, as can be seen inhikikomori( Longo, 2010 ) . The most inspiring tool for teens and their life style is the cyberspace, nomadic engineerings, and computing machines ( Griswold, 2012. Adolescents and immature people besides have changed in comparing with teens in the yesteryear, taking into history eating wonts, an active manner of life, passing free clip, and the importance of music and manner. The affordability of many of these factors has changed well since, for illustration, the post-war coevals ( Bennett and Maton, 2010 ) . The most of import alteration, nevertheless, is that they are a engineering coevals. For teens in today s universe, nomadic phones, cyberspace, music, films, telecasting and picture games are really of import. Most adolescents prefer watching telecasting and playing computing machine games to reading books. They dislike reading because watching telecasting or playing on-line role-playing games is easier and they do non hold to utilize their ain imaginativeness ( Davies and Eynon, 2013 ) . Computer games have the capacity to supply learning chances but they are besides harmful to wellness ( Longo, 2010 ) . Teenagers prefer to pass free clip in forepart of a computing machine instead than to walk, play football, go to a swimming pool, or merely merely run into a friend in the park and have a confab. The long term effects of these alterations are non likely to be apparent for at least three more coevalss. Harmonizing to di Maggioet Al.( 2001 ) , the cyberspace expands day-to-day and reaches more and more people globally. As a society, betterments in literacy may lift due to the growing of the cyberspace. The immature coevals can non conceive of their day’s prep without the support of the one of most of import modern technological developments, the cyberspace. The cyberspace is really utile and an of import tool for surveies, as there they are able to see the latest studies and articles, discovery and practise exercisings which are relevant to their surveies, every bit good as submit assignments and other work. Further, a adolescent s societal life becomes inextricably linked to societal networking, particularly through unrecorded confab and Facebook. They would instead state that this is the easiest manner to pass on with each other, every bit good as larning new things and holding merriment ( Davies and Eynon, 2013 ) . Many things can be done through the cyberspace. Young people can download music and other files and play on-line games with their existent or practical friends. In this manner, hence, the cyberspace influences the adolescent position to the universe and its hereafter. It besides gives them an chance to interact with other teens and discuss relevant issues. One of import facet of teens utilizing cyberspace is their freedom to post unfavorable judgment of authorities leaders. Young persons have limited abilities to pass on meaningfully with authorities as they can non vote ; the cyberspace permits them to give their beliefs about what is incorrect and what is right from their point of position, ( Davies and Eynon, 2013 ) . On societal web sites young persons can hold dealingss and communicating with their friends or merely person who is far off from their places and around the universe, chew the fating on the worldwide web, e-mailing or merely playing games. This has been extended well with the coming of smart phones ( Bennett and Maton, 2010 ) . Using the cyberspace adolescents can travel shopping with their friends utilizing the same web site, usage mikes or cameras to movie themselves, about in the same manner as they would travel out together for existent shopping. Therefore, the populace sphere – through recreational confab every bit good as more complex interactions – is extended in the mode kindred to that described by Habermas ( 1989 ) . However, this alteration to ‘life online’ agencies that, necessarily, many existent universe jobs manifest themselves in the cyberspace, and so hold a farther existent universe effect. This can be seen in the phenomenon of cyber intimidation. Cyber strong-arming marks the gender, physical attraction and friendly relationships of kids and adolescents ( Davies and Eynon, 2013 ) . Victims do non cognize what to make or where to turn. Cyber toughs harass victims anonymously. The psychological harm is hideous because the victim s ain equals have turned on them and there is nowhere for them to travel, with teenage self-destructions and attempted self-destructions reported in the yesteryear ( Griswold, 2013 ) . A ‘dis-connect’ from human reactions could lend to cyber intimidation. Peoples learn to pass on largely through text messages or online, and do non larn of import facets of human interaction, such as noticing and accepting non-verbal signals ( Griswold, 2013 ) . Without these signals and features it is easy to be misunderstood and for the victim to be dehumanised ( di Maggioet al. ,2001 ) . This is besides true of online dating ( Winston, 1998 ) . Peoples are usually cognizant of what person is stating or non stating, through gesticulations and voice tones. Without these cues, it is hard to appreciate how the other individual is experiencing and whether there is genuinely a connexion. Young person can get down to experience as if who they are is non recognised, that they are reviled or that cipher wants them, when for illustration the text message or electronic mail was merely non received. Young people have created and developed a communicating civilization that incorporates many particular characteristics, such as a rise in the usage of text-based communicating channels ( Davies and Eynon, 2013 ) . Teenagers intersecting and selective usage of communicating channels has been shaped by multimedia communicating ( Weiser and Brown, 1997 ) . Therefore, their public domain utilises a wider scope of platforms than antecedently ; however, it is still simply an extension of the populace sphere, merely as telecasting and newspapers were ( Habermas, 1989 ) . Regardless of their signifier, the media landscapes created by adolescents serve to joint their personal infinite, every bit good as enabling their presentation of ego and specifying their relationships to others ) . This can be seen in immature people s relationship to the nomadic phone and other signifiers of synergistic engineering, which is consistent with their general ingestion manners. An habit-forming usage of the phone has been related to trendy and unprompted ingestion manners prevalent among females ( Davies and Eynon, 2013 ) . Technology enthusiasm and trend-consciousness was linked to unprompted ingestion and difficult values more prevailing among males ( di Maggioet al. ,2001 ) . In contrast, a economical Mobile phone usage was non related to gender but to environmentalism and thrifty ingestion in general. The traditional gender division in nomadic phone usage manners that could be observed is interesting in the visible radiation of speculations that genders are going more likewise in their usage of new engineering. The increasing tendency towards ‘instant gratification’ that has been fed by high rates of recognition over the last 30 old ages is exacerbated by a n restlessness facilitated by devices such as smart phones ( Griswold, 2012 ) . The net consequence of several of several coevalss for whom this is true has non yet been realised. 4. Decision Technology is one of a figure of interceding factors in human behavior and societal alteration, which both Acts of the Apostless on and is acted upon by other phenomena. Bing critical of technological determinism is non to dismiss the importance of the fact that the proficient characteristics of different communicating engineerings facilitate different sorts of usage, though the possible applications of engineerings are non needfully realised. Enthusiasm for technological progress typically involves technological determinism. As Potter and Sarre ( 1974, p. 485 ) , cautiousness that, in reaction to the alterations taking topographic points amongst today’s youth, there is obviously an unmistakable tone of moral disapproval directed against cultural interval – that is, oppositions to structural and normative versions occasioned by invention . This is non new. Every coevals expresses concern for the gait and nature of alteration, and inquiries whether alteration is driving society or society desires the alterations wrought. In the interim, the technological revolution will enable people’s lives to be easier, in ways such as societal interaction, instruction, fabrication, and so on. Withdrawing from the grade to which engineering has shaped society will be really hard, and probably to take to large-scale economic pandemonium ( Barrell and Fic, 2013 ) . The rise in costs, for illustration, through slower communications or manual fabrication methods, would ensue in an overwhelming, if impermanent drain on the economic system ; nevertheless, given the lessening in fossil fuel handiness, this may be a hereafter that society needs to see. Worlds are extremely adaptable, as the integrating of alteration antecedently has demonstrated. There may be a societal cost in this, as Thoreau ( 1854 ) speculated, but this flexibleness has permitted societies of many different signifiers to boom for millenary. The autonomy for people discuss alteration, as Habermas ( 1989 ) has described, has expanded in the last t hree hundred old ages. However, minds such as Thoreau and Habermas are prepared to oppugn non merely technological advancement but alteration in its most simple signifier. This is what will continue humanity from suicidal alteration. Many people may experience that adolescents are inadvertently ‘walking into’ suicidal alteration through their eager credence of engineering in every facet of their lives ( di Maggioet al. ,2001 ) . Whilst this may be a legitimate concern, it should besides be borne in head that adolescents are non simply being controlled by devices but are utilizing devices to ease alteration – through societal media. This was evident during the ‘Arab Spring’ ( Khondker, 2011 ) , and was widely welcomed. Enthusiasm for technological progress typically involves technological determinism. As Potter and Sarre ( 1974, p. 485 ) , cautiousness that, in reaction to the alterations taking topographic points amongst today’s young person, ‘there is obviously an unmistakable tone of moral disapproval directed against cultural interval – that is, oppositions to structural and normative versions occasioned by invention . This is non new. Every coevals expresses concern for the gait and nature of alteration, and inquiries whether alteration is driving society or society desires the alterations wrought. The human willingness to utilize alteration meaningfully and self-reflect, it is hoped, will protect society from itself. 5. Mentions Barrell, R. and Fic, T. ( 2013 ) . Integration, globalization, engineering and trade forms in the EU8.Research in Economics and Business: Central and Eastern Europe, 2 ( 1 ) , pp. 1-13. Beniger, J. ( 1989 ) .The control revolution: Technological and economic beginnings of the information society. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Bennett, S. and Maton, K. ( 2010 ) , Beyond the ‘digital natives’ argument: Towards a more nuanced apprehension of pupils engineering experiences.Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 26 ( 5 ) , pp. 321-331. Coeckelbergh, M. ( 2012 ) . â€Å"How I learned to love the robot† : Capabilities, information engineerings, and aged attention. In Oosterlaken, I. and van der Hoven, J. ( explosive detection systems ) ,The capableness attack, engineering and design. Dordrecht: Springer, pp. 77-86. Davies, C. and Eynon, R. ( 2013 ) .Adolescents and engineering. Hove: Routledge. De Tocqueville, A. ( 1835 ) .Democracy in America: Volume I.[ 1990 ] New York: Vintage Books. Denning, P.J. and Metcalfe, RM. ( explosive detection systems ) ( 1997 ) .Beyond computation: The following 50 old ages of computer science.New York: Springer. DiMaggio, P. , Hargittai, E. , Neuman, W.R. and Robinson, J.P. ( 2001 ) . Social deductions of the cyberspace.Annual Review of Sociology, 27, pp. 307-336. Griswold, W. ( 2012 ) .Cultures and societies in a changing universe( 4Thursdayedn ) . Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Habermas, J. ( 1989 ) .The structural transmutation of the populace sphere. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Khondker, H.H. ( 2011 ) . Role of the new media in the Arab Spring.Globalizations, 8 ( 5 ) , pp. 675-679. Longo, G.O. ( 2010 ) . Communication, engineering, and the planetal animal.Communication, Capitalism A ; Critique, 8 ( 1 ) , pp. 18-27. Oosterlaken, I. and van der Hoven, J. ( explosive detection systems ) ( 2012 ) .The capableness attack, engineering and design. Dordrecht: Springer. Potter, D. and Sarre, P. ( explosive detection systems ) ( 1974 ) .Dimensions of society: A reader.London: University of London Press/Open University Press. Thoreau, H.D. ( 1854 ) .Walden ; Or life in the forests.Boston: Ticknor and Fields. Weiser, M. and Brown, J.S. ( 1997 ) . The coming age of unagitated engineering. In Denning, P.J. and Metcalfe, R.M. ( explosive detection systems ) ,Beyond computation: The following 50 old ages of computer science.New York: Springer, pp. 75-85. Winston, B. ( 1998 ) .Media engineering and society: a history: From the telegraph to the Internet. Abingdon: Psychology Press.

Facts and Figures About Nouns in English

Facts and Figures About Nouns in English In this edition of Language Notes, we turn our attention to the naming part of speech: nouns. Common NounsHere, according to researchers at Oxford University Press, are the ten most frequently used nouns in English:timepersonyearwaydaythingmanworldlifehandWoman comes in at number 14, work at 15, and war at 49. Neither play nor peace, unfortunately, is ranked in the top 100. The 2006 study was based on analysis of the more than one billion words in the Oxford English Corpus. NominalizationIts not hard to manufacture nouns in English. For instance, adding -ing to a verb creates a noun (or, more precisely, a gerund): Winning isnt everything, Waiting can be painful, Good eating deserves good drinking. Likewise, adding a suffix such as -ness or -ity to an adjective can turn it into a noun: Hold faithfulness and sincerity as first principles. And simply putting the definite article the before an adjective also does the trick: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. Noun StackingAnother way to multiply nouns is to string two or three together, as in precipitation event or interrogation en hancement techniques. Such nounism, says William Zinsser, is a new American disease (though it appears to have spread overseas as well): Today as many as four or five concept nouns will attach themselves to each other, like a molecule chain. Heres a brilliant specimen I recently found: Communication facilitation skills development intervention. Not a person in sight, or a working verb. I think its a program to help students write better (On Writing Well, Collins, 2006). Supersized NounsIn his delightful book When You Catch an Adjective, Kill It (Broadway Books, 2007), Ben Yagoda calls attention to another unfortunate nominal trend: the needless expansion of nouns and the growing reliance on polysyllabic synonyms, apparently in the belief that the longer the word, the better. Thus, utilization is preferred to use, signage to signs, andmy pet peevetransparency to openness. Not a Single SmithereenThe Latin phrase plurale tantum (plural only) refers to any noun that appears only in the plural and has no singular form: jeans, for example, and tweezers and underpants. In Crazy English: The Ultimate Joy Ride Through Our Language (Pocket Books, 1989), Richard Lederer asks, Doesnt it seem just a little loopy that we can make amends but never just one amend; that no matter how carefully we comb through the annals of history, we can never discover just one annal; that we can never pull a shenanigan, be in a doldrum, eat an egg Benedict, or get just one jitter , a willy, a delirium tremen, or a heebie-jeebie? Why, sifting through the wreckage of a disaster, can we never find just one smithereen? And in case you were wondering . . .Yes, theres also a term for a noun that appears only in the singular form: singulare tantum. In this category we find mass nouns (also known as noncount nouns), such as mud, knowledge, spaghetti, and (coming in at number 15 on the list of the most common nouns in English) work. To continue this investigation of the most prolific part of speech, visit our glossary entry for noun. Also see our List of 100 Irregular Plural Nouns in English and our  Exercise in Identifying Nouns.

Stressors and Stress Management Mechanisms among First-Year School Research Paper

Stressors and Stress Management Mechanisms among First-Year School Principals - Research Paper Example Literature Review This study was conducted based on knowledge and experience brought forward by previous authors and researchers. To gain a wholesome understanding of the whole stress phenomenon, the literature review was conducted in threefold. Firstly, literature review on stressors among first-year principals was investigated. Secondly, studies on effects of stressors were evaluated in the lens of burnout theory. Finally, different ways of stress management options were considered. There is overwhelming evidence that first-year principals and assistant principals are predisposed to various stressors. Young did an elaborate study on some of the major causes of stress among school principals. He concluded, â€Å"The obvious problem of juggling multiple issues that vary in priority requires a blend of wisdom and maturity. New people are unlikely to poses these qualities at the start of their careers in administration† (Young 516). In another independent study on stressors on s chool principals Brock and Grady came up with a finding that â€Å"Some administrators feel overburdened with stress at work. They struggle to maintain high productivity despite the stress. Reluctant to ask for assistance and fearing being perceived as weak or lacking leadership ability (Brock and Grady 60). Whereas evidence points to presence of stressing conditions among first-year principals and assistant principals, it was reported that the condition could even be much worse for principals taking their first-year roles in institutions of special education. This is because these institutions need special attention and profound leadership due to its sensitivity in nature. Johnson claims, â€Å"Special educators are at the highest... The results of this paper confirmed similar previous works done under relatively similar conditions and frames of study. The major stressor was found to be high expectation from all stakeholders especially when the principal encountered a school with discipline and performance issues. The inability to make profound decisions due to lack of experience in the new environment was a major stressor among many of the principals. Overwhelming activities associated with the position was reported to be quite a challenge particularly for principals taking the position for the first time. Effects of stress were common among all the subjects of study. Stress manifested itself physically and psychologically. However, stress management mechanisms varied widely from one principal to another though there was considerable overlap of the same. It is therefore important that the results of this study were taken seriously by anyone considering making further progress in this matter. It has been found th at stress among first-year principals and their assistants is a reality. It is also important to note that there exists several stress management mechanisms that can be used by first-year principals to ensure that their integration on the new positions takes place effectively. The results of the study are not exclusive for first-year principals only but can be applied across a wide variety of other related disciplines.

Economic Issue Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Economic Issue - Assignment Example In other words, as competition increases in the market, the cost of labor becomes of essence. Considering that the discriminatory employers would go for particular employees who necessarily do not guarantee the least cost of labor, the result is that their business is likely to have higher labor costs as compared to businesses of non-discriminatory employers. Eventually, labor discrimination will decline as business which discriminate find it hard to operate in a competitive market where cost of labor plays a critical role. Employer discrimination may still persist despite efforts to break down barriers and introduce competition for two main reasons. First, it is almost impractical to create perfectly competitive markets. This is based evidenced by the decade long continuity of labor market discrimination in high-income countries. As regards to developing counties, monopolistic power is quite of essence, which permits indulgence in market discrimination. Secondly, even though competition lives on in virtually all markets, it is not by itself a sufficient reason for the elimination of discrimination. Therefore, market discrimination in a competitive market will still exists as long as all the employers have a taste for

Economic & Marketing (Research Project) Research Paper

Economic & Marketing ( Project) - Research Paper Example The field of financial services and the people who work in it are far more diverse than or other pervasive images would lead one to believe. It is a field that offers an extensive range of career opportunities to several people who do not fit any of the stereotypes of financial wizards. Indeed, life of people employed in finance affected almost every aspect of business because money still does make the world go around. Personality traits of a person to take finance as a major of study are quite a number. A person needs to be a highly motivated individual, well driven to make money and very outgoing. In addition, majoring in finance, there are regulatory requirements that need to be taken into consideration namely; economics, accounting, business finances, business law, stock market and other related areas of study (Fabozzi 99). A person need to be competent with statistics and all things involved in the world of business finances. Those who pursue careers in finance in the coming yea rs find that their activities are increasingly global in nature. Investing and cross-border financing are made easily due to technology and more common than they have ever been. Developing nations and former Communist countries continue to grow due to capitalist institutions and stock market (Sumichrast 11). It will be an electrifying time to be involved in the wide variety of careers available in financial services. An opportunity in financial careers explores a range of jobs available to newcomers as well as those who are more seasoned in the world of finance. The type of work a bank clerk, teller, or administrative assistant performs at the most well recognized financial institution for example the bank, is a good example of the type of job that lies in the field of finance. Within these broad categories, a range of jobs is revealed. In general, the financial institutions e.g. the bank, offer a great deal of predictability and stability as well as competitive salaries, and this w ill remain so in the foreseeable future. In developing countries, availability of agricultural credit as a policy is expanding due to accelerate of rural and agricultural development. Credit institutions in many countries are heavily subsided. Finance being taken as a course in many institutions has greatly affected developing countries due to the knowledge of financial analysts in the country. This is a great significant to the society at large and personal wellbeing. Changes in interest rates, pricing policies, financial liquidity and taxation, asset composition, capital formation, and inflation, along with other phenomena, compose a set of factors, which introduce a new situation in the economies of developing countries (Sumichrast 20). As one who is intimately involved with management and decision-making can attest to the overriding importance of the macroeconomic factors, which impinged on daily decisions. There are key education elements required in finance sector. Bachelorâ⠂¬â„¢s degrees in finance, accounting, business or a related field are the recommended field in studying finance as a course. A keen understanding of insurance, banking and stock market practices plays a significant role for one to be successful in finance and attain professional and specialization credentials (Brigham 200). Retirement planning, investing tactics and insurance fall under a course program in financial advisory. A student who is

Discussion questions for Managing Diversity Class (third week) Essay

Discussion questions for Managing Diversity Class (third week) - Essay Example However, The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 completely changed the situation and made it possible for people with incurable diseases to get a job. In order to get the treatment you need it is important to know your rights well. In fact millions of discriminated workers don’t know their rights. For example, people who work for companies with 14 or fewer people are not protected by federal law. Those people who work for the federal government also can not be protected by this act. There are several ways the act protects the rights of people with incurable diseases. There were lots of obstacles that kept people with some disabilities from full participation in a social life and that was intended to be break down by the Congress. In order to combat discrimination, Congress enacted The Civil Rights Act of 1964. In accordance with Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, an employer had no right to hire or fire any employee or to discriminate against him/her basing on his/her race, color, religious beliefs or origin. In general, Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 became a basis for further legal and moral pillars of America. Non-discriminative principles (either racial or gender) became the core issues for legal principles of America. Further extension of the scope of issue covered in Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 concerned conditions of equal employment opportunity (the Equal Employment Opportunity Act, 1972). This signified a perspective promotion of civil rights in America. Moreover, further amendments were made in 1978 in the Pregnancy Discrimination Act. Thus pregnant women could be neither fired nor discriminated in employment-related issues. Statistics of 2009 fiscal year provides the following figures: 33,579 complaints of race discrimination were received by EEOC, 28,028 related to sex discrimination and 3,386 reports of discrimination caused by religious discrimination. 11,134

An eater's manifesto Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

An eater's manifesto - Essay Example We don’t realize that in the sizzle of our steaks there is the suffering of animals, the mining of our topsoil, the slashing of our forests, the harming of our economy, and the eroding of our health. We don’t hear in the sizzle the cry of the hungry millions who might otherwise be fed. We don’t see the toxic poisons accumulating in the food chains, poisoning our children and our earth for generations to come. But once we become aware of the impact of our food choices, we can never really forget (Robbins, 57). There are a lot of things to consider when it comes to making our food choices. One of the biggest nutritional problems plaguing America today is the issue of obesity. One of the factors is a high intake of food that is high in saturated fat. Our bodies can make all the saturated fat we need, so we don't need to eat any of it. That's why saturated fat can be in the bad category—because we don't need to eat any of it, and it has undesirable effects in cardiovascular disease. In the United States and other developed countries, saturated fats come mainly from meat, seafood, poultry with skin, and whole-milk dairy products (cheese, milk, and ice cream). A few plant foods are also high in saturated fats, including coconut and coconut oil, palm oil, and palm kernel oil. Saturated fats boost total cholesterol by elevating harmful Low Density Lipoprotein. Like all dietary fat, saturated fat also raises the protective High Density Lipoprotein. Unsaturated fat is much preferable since it lowers the bad cholesterol and raises the good. When picking what to eat, take into consideration the amount of cholesterol and saturated fat you are putting into your body. Another thing to consider may be, for meat eaters, where the meat is coming from. There is the issue of the morality of eating meat. Animals have rights, and no matter how humanely an animal is treated in the process, raising it and killing it for food remains morally wrong. There is yet the issue of animal cruelty. More than 16 billion are killed for food every year in the US alone. They are neglected, mutilated, genetically manipulated, put on drug regimens that cause chronic pain and crippling, transported through all weather extremes, and killed in gruesome and violent ways. Even so called â€Å"free-range† animals are often mutilated without the benefits of painkillers; kept in filthy, disease-ridden sheds; forced to endure long trips to the animal slaughterhouse without food or water; and killed in the same way as animals from factory farms. It’s important to know whether the meat you are eating is from a reliable source. In addition to this, the world’s meat addiction is poisoning and depleting our drinking water, arable land, and clean air. More than half of the water used in the U.S. goes to animal agriculture, and since farmed animals produce 130 times more excrement that humans do, the runoff from their waste greatly pollutes our waterways. Not only does raising animals for food gobble up precious resources and produce tons of waste, it also steals food from hungry people. Raising animals for food is extremely inefficient.   For every pound of food that they eat, only a fraction of the calories are returned in the form of edible flesh. The problem comes in when people stop caring about all these issues and just eat for the sake of pleasing themselves. While eating one day, I found myself wondering about the people who had grown the vegetables on my plate. What were their lives like?

Mitochondrial Uncouplers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Mitochondrial Uncouplers - Essay Example What alternative pathway is being triggered here and why? What other chemical would you expect to see build-up in the cytoplasm of these cells? (2.5 points) In the presence of 2, 4-dinitrophenol, electron transport of electrons to O2 from NADH continuous normally regardless of loss of respiratory control leading to increased oxygen consumption as well as oxidation of NADH. It is the excessive consumption of oxygen that leads to consumption of large amounts of metabolic fuels; increase in glycolysis(El-Zanfaly and Marwa 208). During this process, substrate cycle is triggered in order to dissipate more energy in form of heat. Apart from accumulation of phosphate molecules, the presence of 2, 4-dinitrophenol may also result to accumulation of insulin and triglyceride in the cytoplasm of cells. 2, 4-dinitrophenol causes hyperthermia because it is associated with basal leak of protons which are responsible for the formation of ATP, storage of energy. The loss of thermoregulatory homeostasis as a result of the drug result to excessive dissipation of heat as well as consumption of calories(El-Zanfaly and Marwa 208). The uncoupling protein (UCP) is an exclusive mitochondrial protein for brown fat. This fat plays a very significant role in the transportation of protein responsible for the formation of ATP. In transporting the proteins, this fat enhances dissipation of heat and as a result makes the brown fat mitochondria to be

An eater's manifesto Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

An eater's manifesto - Essay Example We don’t realize that in the sizzle of our steaks there is the suffering of animals, the mining of our topsoil, the slashing of our forests, the harming of our economy, and the eroding of our health. We don’t hear in the sizzle the cry of the hungry millions who might otherwise be fed. We don’t see the toxic poisons accumulating in the food chains, poisoning our children and our earth for generations to come. But once we become aware of the impact of our food choices, we can never really forget (Robbins, 57). There are a lot of things to consider when it comes to making our food choices. One of the biggest nutritional problems plaguing America today is the issue of obesity. One of the factors is a high intake of food that is high in saturated fat. Our bodies can make all the saturated fat we need, so we don't need to eat any of it. That's why saturated fat can be in the bad category—because we don't need to eat any of it, and it has undesirable effects in cardiovascular disease. In the United States and other developed countries, saturated fats come mainly from meat, seafood, poultry with skin, and whole-milk dairy products (cheese, milk, and ice cream). A few plant foods are also high in saturated fats, including coconut and coconut oil, palm oil, and palm kernel oil. Saturated fats boost total cholesterol by elevating harmful Low Density Lipoprotein. Like all dietary fat, saturated fat also raises the protective High Density Lipoprotein. Unsaturated fat is much preferable since it lowers the bad cholesterol and raises the good. When picking what to eat, take into consideration the amount of cholesterol and saturated fat you are putting into your body. Another thing to consider may be, for meat eaters, where the meat is coming from. There is the issue of the morality of eating meat. Animals have rights, and no matter how humanely an animal is treated in the process, raising it and killing it for food remains morally wrong. There is yet the issue of animal cruelty. More than 16 billion are killed for food every year in the US alone. They are neglected, mutilated, genetically manipulated, put on drug regimens that cause chronic pain and crippling, transported through all weather extremes, and killed in gruesome and violent ways. Even so called â€Å"free-range† animals are often mutilated without the benefits of painkillers; kept in filthy, disease-ridden sheds; forced to endure long trips to the animal slaughterhouse without food or water; and killed in the same way as animals from factory farms. It’s important to know whether the meat you are eating is from a reliable source. In addition to this, the world’s meat addiction is poisoning and depleting our drinking water, arable land, and clean air. More than half of the water used in the U.S. goes to animal agriculture, and since farmed animals produce 130 times more excrement that humans do, the runoff from their waste greatly pollutes our waterways. Not only does raising animals for food gobble up precious resources and produce tons of waste, it also steals food from hungry people. Raising animals for food is extremely inefficient.   For every pound of food that they eat, only a fraction of the calories are returned in the form of edible flesh. The problem comes in when people stop caring about all these issues and just eat for the sake of pleasing themselves. While eating one day, I found myself wondering about the people who had grown the vegetables on my plate. What were their lives like?

British Author Research Paper Essay Example for Free

British Author Research Paper Essay Lord Bryon once said, â€Å"Fools are my theme, let satire be my song†. A satire is a literary composition, in verse or prose, in which human folly and vice are held up to scorn, derision,or ridicule (dic.com). A well recognized satire is George Orwell’s Animal Farm. Orwell wrote this allegorical novella in England when the wartime alliance with the Soviet Union was at its height and Stalin was held in highest esteem in Britain both among the people and government. George Orwell wrote Animal Farm to fuse political purpose and artistic purpose into one whole, thus addressing the downfall of the Russian Revolution which was caused by its corrupt leaders and ignorant citizens. George Orwell was born Eric Arthur Blair. He was born on June 25th 1903 in Bengal, India to a British colonial civil servant. About a year after his birth, Orwell was brought back to England by his mother along with his older sister. He began writing poems at the age of four, ultimately getting one of his poems published in a local newspaper. In 1911 he went to St. Cyprians, on a partial scholarship, in the coastal town of Eastbourne, where he got his first taste of Englands class system. There he began to read the works of Rudyard Kipling and H. G. Wells. He was exceptionally intelligent that he received a scholarship to study at Eton college. After graduating, Orwell joined the India Imperial Police Force in 1922. After five years, he resigned his post and returned to England. He wanted to try his luck as a writer. He would spend his time between England and Paris, thus writing his first major work Down and Out in Paris and London. He felt that it would embarrass his family, so he published it under the pseudonym George Orwell. He was not successful and began to take up any job offer just to make ends meet. He later published Burmese Days, which offered a dark look at British colonialism in Burma, then part of the countrys Indian empire. Orwells interest in political matters grew rapidly after this novel was published. In 1937, Orwell traveled to Spain, where he joined one of the groups fighting against General Francisco Franco in the Spanish Civil War. He was injured and left back for England. For years, Orwell had periods of sickness, and he was officially diagnosed with tuberculosis in 1938. Later, he landed a job with the BBC as a producer and in 1943 he became the literary editor for a socialist newspaper. Orwell is best known for two novels, Animal Farm and Nineteen Eighty-Four, both of which were published toward the end of his life. Animal Farm was published in 1945 and Nineteen Eighty-Four was published in 1949. Orwell, however, was not able to enjoy his success due to his battle with tuberculosis. He died on January 21, 1950, in a London hospital. England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, while the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separate it from continental Europe. It has a population of 53,013,000 inhabitants. The official language is British English. Christianity is the most widely practised religion in England. The major form of Christianity practised is Anglicanism. English folklore is big part of English Culture. Some of the characters and stories are present across England, but most belong to specific regions. Common folkloric beings include pixies, giants, elves, bogeymen, trolls, goblins and dwarves. Since the Early Modern Period the food of England has historically been characterised by its simplicity of approach and a reliance on the high quality of natural produce. Traditional examples of English food include the Sunday roast, featuring a roasted joint served with assorted vegetables, Yorkshire pudding, stuffing and gravy. Other prominent meals include fish and chips and the full English breakfast. Various meat pies and sausages are consumed by the British. Lancashire hotpot is a well known stew. Frequently consumed alcoholic drinks include wines, ciders and English beers, such as bitter, mild, stout, and brown ale. England has a strong sporting heritage, and during the 19th century codified many sports that are now played around the world. Sports originating in England include association football, cricket, and rugby. The basic political system in England is a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary system. Today England is governed directly by the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The monarch is Queen Elizabeth II and the prime minister is David Cameron MP. Animal Farm was published by Orwell on August 17th , 1945. This novel shows how potential ignorance and indifference to problems within a revolution could allow horrors to happen if a smooth transition to a peoples government is not achieved. The novel starts out with Old Major, a prize-winning boar, gathers the animals of the Manor Farm for a meeting in the big barn. He tells them of a dream he has had in which all animals live together with no human beings to oppress or control them. He tells the animals that they must work toward such a paradise and teaches them a song called â€Å"Beasts of England,† in which his dream vision is lyrically described. The animals greet Major’s vision with great enthusiasm. When he dies only three nights after the meeting, three younger pigs—Snowball, Napoleon, and Squealer—formulate his main principles into a philosophy called Animalism. Late one night, the animals manage to defeat the farmer Mr. Jones in a battle, running him off the land. They rename the property Animal Farm and dedicate themselves to achieving Major’s dream. At first, Animal Farm prospers. Snowball works at teaching the animals to read, and Napoleon takes a group of young puppies to educate them in the principles of Animalism. As time passes, however, Napoleon and Snowball increasingly quibble over the future of the farm, and they begin to struggle with each other for power and influence among the other animals. After chasing Snowball away, Napoleon assumes leadership of Animal Farm and declares that there will be no more meetings. From that point on, he asserts, the pigs alone will make all of the decisions—for the good of every animal. Napoleon orders the animals to construct a windmill, and the animals devote their efforts to completing it. One day, after a storm, the animals find the windmill toppled. Napoleon claims that Snowball returned to the farm to sabotage the windmill. He uses this as an excuse to rid the farm of various animals who have allegedly participated in Snowball’s great conspiracy by giving them instant death at the teeth of the attack dogs. With his leadership unquestioned, Napoleon begins expanding his powers, rewriting history to make Snowball a villain. Napoleon also begins to act more and more like a human being by sleeping in a bed, drinking whisky, and engaging in trade with neighboring farmers. The original Animalist principles strictly forbade such activities, but Squealer justifies every action to the other animals, convincing them that Napoleon is a great leader and is making things better for everyone even though the other animals are cold, hungry, and overworked. Mr. Frederick, a neighboring farmer, cheats Napoleon in the purchase of some timber and then attacks the farm and dynamites the windmill, which had been rebuilt at great expense. After the demolition of the windmill, a pitched battle ensues. Napoleon then sells his most loyal and long-suffering worker, Boxer, to a glue maker in order to get money for whisky. Years pass on Animal Farm, and the pigs become more and more like human being by walking upright, carrying whips, and wearing clothes. Eventually, the seven principles of Animalism, known as the Seven Commandments and inscribed on the side of the barn, become reduced to a single principle reading â€Å"all animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others.† Napoleon entertains a human farmer named Mr. Pilkington at a dinner and declares his intent to ally himself with the human farmers against the laboring classes of both the human and animal communities. He also changes the name of Animal Farm back to the Manor Farm, claiming that this title is the â€Å"correct† one. Looking in at the party of elites through the farmhouse window, the common animals can no longer tell which are the pigs and which are the human beings. The story is meant to symbolize the downfall of the Russian Revolution and the corruption of Stalin. Old Major represents Karl Marx, as he originated Communism, hence Animalism. Napoleon represents Joseph Stalin, while Snowball represents Leon Trotsky. The attack dogs represent the Red Army, while Boxer represents the soviet workers. The rise of Stalin after the Russian Revolution inspired Orwell to write Animal Farm. It is satire on equality, where all barnyard animals live free from their human masters tyranny. Inspired to rebel by Major, an old boar, animals on Mr. Jones Manor Farm embrace Animalism and stage a revolution to achieve an idealistic state of justice and progress. A power-hungry pig, Napoleon, becomes a totalitarian dictator who leads the Animal Farm into All Animals Are Equal / But Some Are More Equal Than Others oppression. As an English author, Orwell traditionally used fictional characters to represent actual humans. The novel is an exceptional work of satire and meets its purpose of portraying the truth about the Soviet Union and turning point of the Russian Revolution.

The Impressionism Vs Post Impressionism Film Studies Essay

The Impressionism Vs Post Impressionism Film Studies Essay Impressionism was a movement or style of painting that originated and developed in France in 1870s and distinguished by its focus on the immediate impression produced by a landscape or scene and use of the primary colors to replicate actual reflected light. The style was characterized mainly by the use of intense colors, open composition, light and movement and brush strokes. The roots of impressionism are the early 19th century plein-air painting methods by the Barbizon school and naturalism of Camille Corot. Impressionists specialized mainly in genre scenes and landscapes. They were mainly concerned with producing visual reality in their paintings in terms of fleeting effects of color and light (Gunderson 35). The pioneers of impressionism included Claude Monet, Camille Pissarro, Alfred Sisley, Manet and Degas. Monet was one of the most celebrated impressionists of his time. He was best known for his landscape painting. He particularly concentrated on painting the instant changes in nature. For instance, if nature changed color after a short while, Monet would blindly follow the change in his paintings to depict the true color of nature. Another painter who was revered was Manet. At the age of 29 years, he was reputed as the leading realistic painter (Halliwell 45). He was noted mainly for his reinterpretation of neoclassical themes and his approach to oil painting. The main characteristics of impressionism was a sense of immediacy, emphasis on light and its changes in quality, appearance of movement, unusual visual angles, overall effect rather than detail and visual brush strokes. Impressionists sought to capture and display nature at instants. They wanted to depict the changes in nature through paintings. They also aimed at showing the movements of the various phenomena in nature through art. The stylistic developments of impressionism included the use of short and broken brushstrokes that hardly convey forms, use of pure unmixed colors, and emphasis on the effect of light. Post-impressionism, on the other hand, was a style or movement of painting that sought to break away from the naturalism of impressionism and used color in expressive ways like expression of emotions rather than just optical impressions. Post-impressionists rejected the random spontaneity exercised by impressionists in favor of measured painting techniques based in science and study of optics (Nochlin 136). They believed that separate touches of interlaced color produced a higher vibrancy of color than what was being practiced by the impressionists. The main proponents of post-impressionism include Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Paul Cezanne, Paul Gauguin, Georges Seurat, and Vincent van Gogh. The most influential person in post-impressionism is Georges Seurat. He is considered the father of post-impressionism. His styles of painting signaled a new trend that shifted from the traditional impressionism. He introduced a new style of painting known as pointillism or divisionism that sought to employ a scientific approach in the use of color. This led to a shift from impressionism, which concentrated in using unmixed primary colors. His main technique was that of using weaving and layering brushstrokes. This enabled him to achieve tapestry-like paint surfaces that depicted complementary and contrasting hues. This made his works to be admired by even other great post-impressionists like Vincent van Gogh making him to be of a great influence to later artists. Seuratà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s influence on post-impressionism artists traversed many decades. This is seen in the works of later artists like Charles Angrand whose work greatly resembled that of Seurat. Another great post-impressionist was Paul Cezanne. Paul Cezanne was a French artist. He was one of the main founders of post-impressionism and his works laid the foundation of the shift from impressionism to post-impressionism (Halliwell 86). His main style of painting was the use short and loaded brushstrokes, a style b orrowed from impressionism. Vincent van Gogh, on the other hand, was a Dutch post-impressionist. His work was notable for its bold color, emotional honesty and rough beauty. Vincent was one of the most influential post-impressionism artists as his work had great influence on art in the 20th century. His love for art began when he was a small child and this would influence his decision to become an artist in his later years. During his lifetime, Vincent produced over 2100 artworks. Paul Gauguin was a French post-impressionism artist. He was one of the artists whose work highly influenced the shift from impressionism to post-impressionism, though he was recognized and appreciated until he died. He was renowned for his experimental use of color and introduction of the synthetist style of art which has had a big influence on the modern art. Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec was a French painter. He is best known for depicting the colorful and theatrical life in Paris in art. This led to production of provocative, elegant and exciting images of life in those days. Together with the likes van Gogh, Gauguin and Cezanne, he was among the post-impressionists that greatly influenced the shift from impressionism (Halliwell 92). Post-impressionism was characterized by many styles due to contribution of each artist. These artists could not agree on a common style of painting. However, their main aim was to shift from impressionism. Some of the styles that characterized the early impressionism art included the detailed painting of a particular landscape, which was mainly employed by Cezanne. This was in a bid to move away from the overall effect style of impressionists. Cezanne sought to depict greater pictorial structure of nature. Another style that was prevalent among post-impressionists was the use of symbolic and expressive content. Artists like Gauguin created paintings from imagination or memory (Stein et al 58). They expressed in their works a great connection with subject that inspired the works. Post-impressionists also placed emphasis on harmony in terms of surface design. The main differences between impressionism and post-impressionism are that impressionists sought to capture nature in its original and primitive state while post-impressionists sought to involve their imagination and memory in their works. Impressionists detached themselves from their works while post-impressionist sought to involve their emotions and expressions in their works. Another difference between impressionism and post-impressionism was that impressionism was mainly characterized with simple and overall depiction of nature while post-impressionism sought to depict details of the works of art and nature. They sought to show the still nature of life while impressionists wanted to show nature in motion (Nochlin 87). Post-impressionism as a form of art was mainly concerned with abstract depiction of works art through imagination while impression sought a realistic depiction of nature. The two works of art that bring out the differences between impressionism and post-impressionis m is the Birth of Venus by Adolphe-William Bouguereau and the Harvester by Jules Adolphe. The two paintings depict the kind of ideals held in the two schools of thought. For instance, in the painting the Birth of Venus, there is evidence of activity. The portray shows immediacy of the scene where the momentary activities of the people are captured. There is also evidence of movement with everyone involved in some activity. There is also the basic use of color where one color is used to paint one scene. On the contrary, the Harvester is a timeless portrait that is detailed (Stein et al 78). There is a combination of reality and imagination in the painting of the portrait. For instance, though the artist the harvester as a commoner, he gives her the beauty not common with commoners. There is also a combination of colors in the portrait.

Essay --

Poverty and Culture One of the common liberal claim is that all "the poor are just like everyone else except that they have less money." – Anonymous The Poverty Poverty is hunger, Poverty is lack of shelter, and Poverty is being sick and not being able to see a doctor. Poverty is not being able to go to school and not knowing how to read. Poverty is not having a job, is fear for the future, living one day at a time. Poverty is losing a child to illness brought about by contaminated water. Poverty is powerlessness, lack of representation and freedom. Poverty has many faces, changing from place to place and across time, and has been described in many ways. More often, poverty is a situation people want to escape. So poverty is a call to action for the poor and the wealthy alike. This is a call to change the world so that many more may have enough to eat, adequate shelter, access to education and health, protection from violence, and a voice in what happens in their communitie s. As poverty has many dimensions, it has to be looked at through a variety of indicators, levels of income and consumption, social indicators, and now increasingly indicators of vulnerability to risks and of socio/political access. Culture Culture of any land or nation can tell us about its way of living, standards, priorities, attitudes, styles, and behaviors. Culture of any society can completed in decades or even centuries, we cannot change it rapidly. We here can discuss about the Culture of Poverty, how it is cultivated, and what factors can influence to this â€Å"Poverty Culture†. Influential factors There are many factors playing a much major role in the deficiency (not able to compete) rather than we can only talk about literacy of any nation/country... ... up with this tremendous population explosion. So far, much more work has been done using consumption or income-based measures of poverty; some work also has been done on non-income dimensions of poverty, but we should have to consider all aspects of poverty and don’t need to stick over certain area. References Free-TermPapers_com - Poverty Point Culture- http://www.free-termpapers.com/tp/4/alx55.shtml WELFARE AND THE CULTURE OF POVERTY- http://www.cato.org/pubs/journal/cj16n1-1.html The Culture Of Poverty- http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/welfare/stories/op043097.htm Is Poverty a Culture- http://arnolds.dhs.org/geography/geo_forum/1014604806/index_html Article Why Are We Poor- http://www.scar.utoronto.ca/~faces/CurrentViews/whypoor.html The New York Review of Books CULTURE OF POVERTY- http://www.nybooks.com/articles/11702

Ethics in the Automotive Repair Industry Essay -- Automobiles Transpor

Ethics in the Automotive Repair Industry â€Å"Another memorable encounter took place in San Antonio, when I pulled into a transmission repair shop. The owner test-drove the Olds with me in the pasenger seat. As we climbed a hill, the car seemed to be straining. I looked down and noted that he had one foot on the gas and the other on the brake. ‘boy, it ain't got no power at all in second gear,’ he said. ‘It's real obvious the clutches are burnt.’ His solution: rebuild the transmission for $395 to $495, ‘depending on if I can save the torque converter.’ † –totse.com A small example of the kind of things mechanics will try to do to turn a profit and swindle customers. This is just one of many stories of repair scams. The automotive industry is a legendary ethical battlefield, with mechanics and repairs shops known to try to make an extra buck or two by selling customers parts they don’t know they don’t need and overcharging them for it, and wary customers trying to balance their budget, it goes back and forth. In the end however the winner is usually the mechanic. This ethical quagmire brings us to the very roots of ethical decision making. Why is it so easy to cheat the customers in the automotive repair industry? The car is a complex machine and most people don’t even know the basics of how it works and so they can easily be taken advantage of. Although, because this is such a common occurrence people are wary of it, however, it is still very hard to determine when you are being cheated or not. During the summer last year I worked in an auto repair garage. I was not doing the complicated repairs by any means, I did more apprentice type work, helping the mechanics to do their jobs and some simple basic jobs on my o... ...isions when a customer walks through the door. Works Cited â€Å"Auto Repair Scams: An Investigation† totse.com . Online. 1 Mar. 2003. http://www.totse.com/en/bad_ideas/scams_and_rip_offs/autoscam.html. Norman, Rich. â€Å"The Truth About the Auto Repair Industry† Ford Festiva. Online. (2001) Feb 28 2003. http://www.fordfestiva.com/service/repairshops2.htm. â€Å"Auto Repair Secrets† CarInfo.com. Online. (2001). Technews Corp. 1 Mar 2003. http://www.carinfo.com/repair2.html. Honeycut, Earl D.; Glassman, Myron; Zugelder, Michael T.; and Karande, Kiram â€Å"Determinates of Ethical Behavior: A Study of Autosales People.† Journal of Business Ethics. 1.32 (July 2001) : 69-74. Eskeldson, Mark. What Auto Mechanics Don’t Want You to Know. New York: McGraw Hill. 1999. â€Å"How Car Engines Work† How Stuff Works.com. Online. 1Mar2003. http://auto.howstuffworks.com/engine.htm

Online education vs. traditional classroom Essay

Achieving a higher education, universities have made it possible to students to have different options to earn a degree. Students can choice between attending online classes or traditional classroom classes, whichever one is more suitable to their lifestyles. Earning a degree can benefit a person to gain a better carrier choice, or to enhance his or her current knowledge. Overcoming the demands of life situations, and to be focusing on education can become very difficult. Going to college for the first time or are a returning student can be overwhelming. Each student will have to make a decision for him o herself; there will be no wrong choice when making the decision between the two. When a student is evaluating the classes with one another, there are factors to take into consideration, such as the comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of each class. Online classes can increase flexibility and the convenience of completing school compared to traditional classroom classes. Online classes lets the students decide, when they are working on their course material and assignments. Students with a busy schedule, have the flexibility to create their own pace to complete their academic responsibilities, and to meet the deadlines of the class. Time management will be a key element of an online student. The student has to take into account when to schedule for class participation, weekly assignments, and when to go through the course material. It will take self discipline and self motivation by the student actually to log into his or her online class platform, and dedicate the necessary time to meet the requirements. Students have reported that procrastination is one of the problems, they are struggling with. Students are thinking that they have still enough time to complete the assignments, yet result in rushing through assignments and not put all the time, and effort into their work as they would have by staying on schedule. One of the online classes advantage , is the students’ flexibility to log in, whenever it is convenient to them, yet universities are tracking a student’s class participation throughout the course. Each university has there on policy on how to take accountability for the students’ participation. â€Å"University of Phoenix† policy on participation for example, is for the student to log in four times a week (at any given time) and make two posts on each of the days. The students  have the opportunity to create any schedule, to meet his or her needs; this also provides the students with the ability to log in from anywhere as long they have a computer with online capabilities. In contrast, traditional classrooms have a structured environment by attending a classroom setting. The students have set times to be in class, and the instructor controls the pace of the class. The advantage of a traditional classroom environment is that the student can focus on their academic work, without any other influences or interruptions. In comparison with an online class, students’ success is depending on time management as well. It does not matter, which class setting a student is choosing, time management is a very important key element of successes in college. A student needs to make time for homework, research, and class assignments. In contrast to online classes, traditional class the instructor of the class enforces the syllabus, and class requirements. Students of a traditional classroom class than has to focus on, when to conduct his or her research for the class, and when to complete the homework for the following day. In an online class the student is responsible for him or herself when to cover the class material, review resources, and when to set deadlines to post in the discussion form, and to submit the homework, and other assignments. Online classes and traditional classroom class have equally the same classes available, yet there may be a few class a student would not be able to take online, f or example biology, or chemistry. Another factor, when deciding between online, and traditional classroom classes is the involvement and the communication between students and teachers. Students and teachers communication and interaction varies in many aspects when attending online classes, in contrast to traditional class. A student/teacher relationship is only able to be through today’s technology, for instant Smartphone’s, e-mails, or via Skype (if applicable). There is no face-to face interaction compared to a traditional classroom. The ability of face-to face time with a teacher provides a student immediate feedback, and asked questions are being answered directly and quick. Another benefit of face-to face time, is that the students are developing social skills, and enhance there skill of speaking in public because a student is forced to interact. The social interaction creates new networks among the students, for example study groups or support groups, where students can share their experiences. Taking an online class the social interaction is  limited; the students will have to gain knowledge to use technology to communicate with the teachers and other students. Online students are from all over the world; this gives a student the opportunity to get to know other cultures and customs. The online student would have to stay digital connected to other students. With today’s advanced technology, new spectrums of learning and earning a degree are being created. Online libraries and expanded researches by accessing the Internet, reduces research time, and students can complete assignments more efficiently. On the other hand, some students may not attend online classes because of the lack of knowledge of technology or do not have access to the Internet. Others prefer to do the research in the more traditional way, by visiting the campus library, and read books and magazines to receive the information they require. What class, will be more cost effective, is another decisi on a student has to make. The financial aspect, on which academic path to choose from can depend by the following objectives; cost of classes, resource fees, financial aid, and scholarships availability. Traditional classroom classes can be more costly rather than online classes because the university has to maintain the campus and the classrooms, which is raising the tuition fees. Resource material will are lower or even eliminated, when attending online classes because the material is most likely retrieved online. Universities, which are offering online classes, are supplying e-books; students will not have to worry about rising textbook fees. Online classes receive similar funds as traditional classroom classes. A comparison of traditional- and online class the financial aspect stays the same, students of either class attends are eligible for financial aid and scholarships. As a student, investing his or her money wisely is very important; investing into an education is like investing into him or herself. College will be an amazing experience for an individual; it will open new doors and will provide the person with a sense of accomplishment. What type of class to attend, to ensure the academic success, depends on students themselves, yet a new or returning student should take the time to evaluate the advantages, and disadvantages of either option; online class or traditional classroom class. Resources Differences and similarities of online- vs. traditional classes were retrieved from: http://itl.uconn.edu/studentguide/SH_Classroom_vs_Online.html, http://everydaylife.globalpost.com/similarities-between-taking-classes-online-campus-4755.html,http://educationportal.com/articles/The_Differences_Between_Online_and_Traditional_Classroom_Educations.html and http://bestonlineuniversities.com/key-differences-between-online-learning-and-traditional-campus-based-classes/